Refine Search -
Clear ResultsIndustries / Market
- Pall Corporation
 - Aerospace
 - 
                                 Biotech  
                                
                                	
- 
                                				 Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
- Filter Integrity Testers
 
 
 - 
                                				 Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - Chemicals-Polymers
 - 
                                 Food & Beverage  
                                
                                	
                            	
                                	
- 
                                				 Beer (Corporate)  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Soft Drinks  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Distilled Spirits  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Bottled Water  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Food Contact Compliance & Safety  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Wine  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Cider  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Beer (Craft Micro Breweries)  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Dairy  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Juice  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Food and Ingredients  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Pet Food  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Quality Control  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Cannabis Oil  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Hard Seltzer  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 
 - 
                                				 Beer (Corporate)  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - Industrial Manufacturing
 - 
                                 Laboratory  
                                
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
- 
                                				 Tangential Flow Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Sterile Filtration and Clarification  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Protein Sample Prep & Detection  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Analytical QC  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Microbiological QC  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Environmental QC  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 DNA & RNA Purification  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Venting and Gas Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Lab OEM  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Advanced Materials  
                                				
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Laboratory Water Purification  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 
 - 
                                				 Tangential Flow Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                 Medical  
                                
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
- 
                                				 Breathing Surgical Gas Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Diagnostics  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 OEM Devices  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Water Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
- Water Healthcare
 
 - 
                                				 Cell Therapy  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Pulmonary Function Testing  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Anesthetic Gas Application  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Infusion Therapy  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Surgical Gas and Smoke Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                				 Membrane and Media  
                                				
				                                	
 - 
                                				 IV Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
- Particle Contamination
 - Air Eliminating
 - Endotoxin
 
 - 
                                				 COVID  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 
 - 
                                				 Breathing Surgical Gas Filtration  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - 
                                 Microelectronics  
                                
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
                            	
                                	
- 
                                				 Graphic-Arts  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
- Ink Formulation Filtration
 - On Board Printer Filtration
 
 
 - 
                                				 Graphic-Arts  
                                				
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
				                            	
				                                	
 - Oil & Gas
 - Power Generation
 
Type
- Breathing Filtration
 - Point-of-Use Filters
 
Use
- Adsorption
 - Affinity Chromatography
 - Binding
 - Chromatography
 - Clarification
 - Delivery
 - Detergent Removal Chromatography
 - Drug Screening
 - Filtration
 - Gas Filtration
 - High throughput filtration
 - IV Drug Delivery and Therapy
 - Instrument Protection
 - Ion Exchange Chromatography
 - Lysate Clearance
 - Microbiological Dispenser
 - Microbiological Media
 - Microbiological Pump
 - Microfiltration
 - Mixed-mode Chromatography
 - Multiplexing
 - Parasitic Sampling
 - Plasma Fractionation
 - Prefiltration
 - Protein Purification
 - Purification
 - Solvent Filtration
 - Testing
 - Testing and Monitoring
 - Ultrafiltration
 
Searched q
            0
            Results
        
        
                        Sort by
                        
                        
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    - Date Ascending
 - Date Descending
 - A-Z
 - Z-A
 
            Sort by
            
        
            q //
            0
            Results
        
        - Relevance |
 - Date Ascending |
 - Date Descending |
 - A-Z |
 - Z-A
 
            No matching results found
        
        - 1